@write4u
Thanks for bringing this back to some actual science.
Wonderful, let me show you convincing evidence that Humans have the same ancestor as other Great Apes.
Human Chromosome 2 is a fusion of two ancestral chromosomes
Introduction
All great apes apart from man have 24 pairs of chromosomes. There is therefore a hypothesis that the common ancestor of all great apes had 24 pairs of chromosomes and that the fusion of two of the ancestor’s chromosomes created chromosome 2 in humans. The evidence for this hypothesis is very strong.
Let us re-iterate what we find on human chromosome 2. Its centromere is at the same place as the chimpanzee chromosome 2p as determined by sequence similarity. Even more telling is the fact that on the 2q arm of the human chromosome 2 is the unmistakable remains of the original chromosome centromere of the common ancestor of human and chimp 2q chromosome, at the same position as the chimp 2q centromere (this structure in humans no longer acts as a centromere for chromosome 2.
I agree that the evidence for this hypothesis is very strong. But this is not the only evidence. And it is not outright proof. But I agree, I have a lot of explaining to do.
I think there are places of remarkable correspondence and places of remarkable diversity. Both have to be explained.
I will bring in one more piece of evidence from Nature as an example:
Chimpanzee and human Y chromosomes are remarkably divergent in structure and gene content
Abstract: The human Y chromosome began to evolve from an autosome hundreds of millions of years ago, acquiring a sex-determining function and undergoing a series of inversions that suppressed crossing over with the X chromosome1,2. Little is known about the recent evolution of the Y chromosome because only the human Y chromosome has been fully sequenced. Prevailing theories hold that Y chromosomes evolve by gene loss, the pace of which slows over time, eventually leading to a paucity of genes, and stasis3,4. These theories have been buttressed by partial sequence data from newly emergent plant and animal Y chromosomes5,6,7,8, but they have not been tested in older, highly evolved Y chromosomes such as that of humans. Here we finished sequencing of the male-specific region of the Y chromosome (MSY) in our closest living relative, the chimpanzee, achieving levels of accuracy and completion previously reached for the human MSY. By comparing the MSYs of the two species we show that they differ radically in sequence structure and gene content, indicating rapid evolution during the past 6 million years. The chimpanzee MSY contains twice as many massive palindromes as the human MSY, yet it has lost large fractions of the MSY protein-coding genes and gene families present in the last common ancestor. We suggest that the extraordinary divergence of the chimpanzee and human MSYs was driven by four synergistic factors: the prominent role of the MSY in sperm production, ‘genetic hitchhiking’ effects in the absence of meiotic crossing over, frequent ectopic recombination within the MSY, and species differences in mating behaviour. Although genetic decay may be the principal dynamic in the evolution of newly emergent Y chromosomes, wholesale renovation is the paramount theme in the continuing evolution of chimpanzee, human and perhaps other older MSYs.
Whatever rates you assign to molecular clocks (a discussion we are yet to finish), the Y-chromosome of chimp and human are so remarkably divergent, the hypothesis of gradual accumulation of mutations breaks down.
Now from my point of view, whichever side of the argument I wish to try and defend, I have a lot of explaining to do. If posit remarkably different Y-chromosomes as proof of non-ancestry, I have yet to account for the notable agreements between chimp and human DNA. If I accept a Darwinian hypothesis of monkey ancestry, then I have to account for some completely unknown and yet to be proved reason that the Y chromosomes that are remarkably similar between modern men, are remarkably different between man and beast – chimp in this case.
Independent of the argument, the truth has to reside in a place that both these accounts can be fully accounted for. I would also put forward that attempting to reconcile these views leads us towards the truth. Trying to establish which “side” of the argument one should believe may be a false dichotomy, and bringing in a weight of other evidence, doesn’t excuse us from examining these two important results.
Without me trying to hold you to this position, do you think this is a reasonable summary?