Considering Jack Maden’s essay regarding Nagel’s Bat (what is Qualia?)

Qualia is the experience of the living “Moment of Now” coursing from your senses, through your body’s bio-chemo-electical pathways & potentials, on to your brain.

In working on my Nagel’s Bat project, I was side tracked with an article written by Jack Maden. I appreciate my sampling base is limited, still he’s written the most interesting and accessible article regarding Nagel’s essay that I’ve read. Not surprisingly, he’s also offered me some excellent quotes to highlight the point I’m trying to make.

By Jack Maden | January 2026 | PhilosophyBreak.com

Thomas Nagel: What is it Like to be a Bat?

In his famous 1974 paper ‘What is it Like to be a Bat?’, the philosopher Thomas Nagel argues that consciousness poses a unique problem for our standard approaches to explaining the world.

Mind you, by philosophical standards. Science standards foster an entirely different approach to this question. The above philosophical approach is idealistic, it also highlights human’s standard self-absorbed, self-serving approach to nature — I will suggest that is what stands in our way to rationally understand that little non-stop rambling voice in your mind

Jack Maden: “Does consciousness arise from the brain? Do certain brain processes always give rise to certain conscious experiences? Or is the relationship between mind and matter more mysterious?”

Please notice philosopher’s deal with idealistic notions.

It makes no sense to consider the brain as its own discrete unit.

The brain barely interacts with the world. It does however have a myriad of communication and transport channels reaching out to every millimeter of our body, while our body is busy doing all the experiencing.

After all, it is our body, eyes, nose, fingers, lips, mouth, tongue, etc, doing all the actual physical experiencing of having a meal. The experience is then filtered, processed, and transmitted through a whole variety of means, to the brain. Which in turn, responds with its own non-stop signaling cascades back to the body, as the brain monitors the situation for further developments.

Qualia is that Moment of Now, when the experience rushes through every fiber of one’s body. That is the experience of the experience. Nothing else can offer that moment — it’s like the difference between a postcard and being there.

Sure our brain is the conductor! Still without the symphony, the conductor is nothing. My complaint is that philosophers seem to have logic-ed that detail out of their meditations.

Regarding the importance of the essence of your living body — think about what biology has taught us. The legacy that is your living body, has been handed down and build upon for over a half a billion years worth of generations. We possess layers of internal consciousness and communication channels totally beyond our introspective-conscious mind’s ability to perceive.

It matters to personally internalize the understanding and appreciate how your interior body possesses knowledge, agendas, and strategies beyond our ability to know — science has taught us they are there, it is our duty to do the homework to understand recent insights.

Jack Maden: Nagel’s 1974 essay challenge reductionist approaches to the philosophy of mind: “[A]n organism has conscious mental states,” Nagel writes, if and only if there is something that it is like to be that organism — something it is like for the organism.

Nagel calls this the “subjective character of experience”. It is also known in the philosophical literature as qualitative experience, phenomenal experience, ‘raw feels’ and qualia.

The point about conscious experience is that there is something it is like for the experiencer to see x, hear y, or feel z, and it is through our subjective conscious experiences that we each know the world.

The problem for reductionist approaches is that it is not clear how physical descriptions of the brain can account for this subjective character of experience.

To know the experience of an experience requires more than a brain, it requires the body doing the experiencing. We will never understand the experience of the experience, the fleeting moment of qualia, without explicitly including the body. My gosh, that’s what all the communication is about to keep self informed and in line, in the first place.

To me this entire vague argument about the “experience of the experience” sounds like complaining about the fact that we can never know what is going on within someone else’s mind, let alone a different creature’s sense of its experience.

At it’s worst, we get into hubristic wormholes conjecturing that experience doesn’t even exist unless we can define it physically, until we can somehow prove it to our impossible standards and expectations.

Sorry but that is the stuff of late night scotch and pot discussions and intellectual entertainment. All fine and good and fun. Still, not the stuff of serious efforts to understand the true essence of oneself in light of this biological reality we and the actual factual world exists within.

The formula is pretty straightforward.

Senses + body + brain + interacting (interior and exterior) produce consciousness and mind.

The brain is certainly the master conductor, but it is dependent on the symphony of our body to produce our music of consciousness. To trivialize those connections is wrong, and a throwback to medieval human exceptionalism thinking.

Is any of this making it any clearer?

Center for Inquiry . . .

I sent the above post to Jack Maden who had the class to take the time to respond, so the discussion continues.

Jack Maden responded,

from: Philosophy Break
to: me

Hi Peter,

Thanks so much for your kind feedback and for sending over your article! I agree with your point that consciousness involves the living body & as well as the brain – and I think many philosophers would too. You suggest the following formula: Senses + body + brain + interacting (interior and exterior) produce consciousness and mind.

I don’t think many people would dispute this.
I think most of the philosophical battleground takes place on the word ‘produce’ in the formula you’ve given. Exactly how does body + brain produce consciousness? It’s this lack of a conceptual bridge from ‘physical processes’ to ‘conscious experience’ that Nagel wants to highlight. What would a satisfactory explanation look like? (Chalmers call this the ‘hard problem’ of consciousness: why are certain physical processes accompanied by conscious experience at all? Couldn’t the processes run without the accompanying conscious experience? Couldn’t we imagine philosophical ‘zombies’ who have all the biology of human beings but have no conscious inner life?

Other philosophers, most famously Daniel Dennett, think this is all a bit of a red herring. There is no hard problem, no conceptual gulf. We just need to wait for science to do its thing, and an explanation will eventually emerge. Perhaps you align more with Dennett!

Thanks again for sending over – such an interesting & difficult topic.

Best,

Jack

To which I responded:

Hello Jack,

Thank you so much for your substantive response. Please allow this push back.

“It’s this lack of a conceptual bridge from ‘physical processes’ to ‘conscious experience’ that Nagel wants to highlight.”

What lack of a conceptual bridge?

Modern science recognizes that bio-chemo-electrical signaling occurs at the mitochondrial level. Single celled creature behavior can be described with protocols that were established for animal studies. We know that our brain is a nonstop fireworks display, as it communicates with itself and its body. Scientists know that there are nonstop dialogues going on inside of us, and the carriers of those dialogues are chemical and electrical potentials and the mechanism to process them. With the source of the network of internal systems reaching back through time over half a billion years worth of generations, each building upon the experiences and legacy of the previous generations.

What level of definition are philosophers expecting?

“Couldn’t the processes run without the accompanying conscious experience?”

Science provides an unequivocal NO. Conscious experience could not occur without a living physical body to sense its world and produce its awareness.

Couldn’t we imagine philosophical ‘zombies’ who have all the biology of human beings but have no conscious inner life?

Zombies are the stuff of manmade fiction. We can also imagine the flying spaghetti monster - but that doesn’t mean either are physical entity within the physical reality we are embedded within { so have no power to inform us - those are simply imaginings}.

That’s why I believe it’s critically important to start this conversation with an explicit recognition of the Physical Reality ~ Human Mind divide - because without it,
it seems to me that all our imaginings become akin to playing basketball in zero gravity.

(I have plenty more questions, but you’re a busy man) (Clarifying the conflict between storyteller and science)

Thank you for your consideration,

Peter Miesler

https://citizenschallenge.blogspot.com

That has been my question. I see the steps you highlight and the work that gets closer to the answer, but, I think we have more work to do.

It seems I see the question differently than you. You answered how consciousness couldn’t run without the body. I agree. The question, as I read it, is couldn’t the body just go along, surviving, choosing, even having a sense of time, but not with anything we might call morality or without something like a sense of awe.

BTW, I’m re-listening to Frans de Waal’s Bonobo and the Atheist, where he explores our biological sources of ethics, and it is not an easy line to draw, between what is purely instinct and it is that we call consciousness.

That thought requires rejecting and ignoring all we’ve learned to understand about evolution and how biology operates on this planet. It only works within one’s imagination and does not relate to anything happening out there in our real world.

At the risk of pissing you off again - but, what it reveals is having no conception of what our evolutionary biological body (upon this Earth) is all about. (sorry but fact is facts, and they are important even when doing philosophy)

It would be more profitable musing on why the body itself has such a drive to stay a live, why so many continue living even when life has been reduced to a futile hopeless exercise in misery, they keep on.

(Not saying people don’t end their own lives. Yet, even in the current age of increasing persecution it’s fairly rare, and it’s a heck of battle with one’s own body to pull it off.
20 years ago suicide rate was just above 1 per 10,000 and today it’s creeping toward 1.5 per 10,000 humans. It is suggested that around 24 out of 25 suicide attempts fail - that says something important about the body’s biological will to survive - and the comparative impotence for our minds)

This is where the importance of genuinely appreciating Evolution as more than some vague notion about change over time comes in.
Understanding that you inhabit a body that has been getting incarnated every single freaking generation for the past half a billion years, learning a little more with every life time. Possessing levels of self awareness, and communication, with agendas and strategies learned over the eons, and far beyond the reach of our human introspective mind.

Sounds like the goal post being moved.
Wasn’t the question, What does it feel like to be a bat? What is the sensation of an apple, or the feeling of seeing the color red? What is the essence of experience?

Qualia is a special sensation because it is the internal physical experience of the moment, surging through your body’s biological network from senses to brain, then the brain closes the loop with return messaging and further monitoring. Nothing else feels like that unique moment, before it retires to history.

Besides, plenty of humans running around who possess no morality or sense of awe, all they have is a base self focused survival instinct and opportunistic reactions.

As to Why We Feel Awe - that is likewise only understandable through a biological respecting appreciation for those half a billion years worth of generational learning tucked behind your belly button.

The literature is chock full of examples of other animals demonstrating awe and even morality-fairness respecting behaviors.

From my evolution respecting perspective, that’s no wonder. Even the concept “drawing a line” reveals a disappoint lack of insight.
There are no “boundary lines” in evolution - it’s about continuums!

Like looking for consciousness within our brain and forgetting about the body.

Why would it bother me that you have a different understanding of the question? I’m not trying to answer it, only get the question right. Maybe you should ask the guy a clarifying question. A little advice; didn’t respond to him the way you do to me.