It was the same in the U.S. for a long time. Women couldn’t own property, vote, have credit, work, without her husband’s permission. If he died, the property went to his oldest male or his brother, unless she was all there was to inherit the property. Even then, it was problematic for her to own.
As a rule, yes.
And this is where the abuse really thrived. Even if a female slave, who could be a child of 12 even, refused, then the abuse flew with beatings, if not more. It was hardly better, IMHO.